Makampani Ogulitsa Magolovesi aku Malaysia: Abwino, Oipa Ndi Oyipa - Kusanthula
Wolemba Francis E. Hutchinson ndi Pritish Bhattacharya
Mliri wa COVID-19 womwe ukuchitika komanso zotsatira zake za Movement Control Order (MCO) zakhudza kwambiri chuma cha Malaysia. Pomwe Unduna wa Zachuma mdziko muno unkaneneratu kuti GDP ya dziko lonse idzachepa ndi pafupifupi 4.5% mu 2020, zatsopano zikuwulula kuti chidule chenicheni chinali chakuthwa kwambiri, pa 5.8%. [1]
Momwemonso, malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa akatswiri pa Bank Negara Malaysia chaka chatha, dzikolo likhoza kuyembekeza kuchira mwachangu mpaka 8% mu 2021. Koma zoletsa zomwe zikupitilira zakhumudwitsa anthu. Zowonadi zaposachedwa ndi World Bank ndikuti chuma cha Malaysia chidzakula ndi pafupifupi 6.7% chaka chino. [2]
Mdima wachuma womwe wakuta dzikolo - komanso dziko - kuyambira chaka chatha, waunikiridwa pang'ono ndi magwiridwe abwino a gawo lama golovu aku Malaysia. Ngakhale dzikolo ndilotsogola kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi popanga ma golovu, kufunikira kwa zida zodzitchinjiriza kwadzetsa chiwopsezo m'chigawochi.
Mu 2019, Malaysian Rubber Glove Manufacturers Association (MARGMA) idaneneratu kuti kufunikira kwapadziko lonse lapansi kwa magolovesi a raba kukwera pamtengo wotsika wa 12%, kufika pamagulu onse a 300 biliyoni kumapeto kwa 2020.
Koma pamene kufalikira kwa kachilomboka kunayambika kuchokera ku dziko lina kupita ku lina, ziyerekezozi zidakonzedwanso mwachangu. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zaposachedwa, chiwongoladzanja chidakwera pafupifupi zidutswa 360 biliyoni chaka chatha, zomwe zikukankhira kukula kwakukula pafupifupi 20% Pazinthu zonse, Malaysia idapereka pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa atatu, kapena magolovesi 240 biliyoni. Chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi chaka chino ndi 420 biliyoni. [3]
Malinga ndi Persistence Market Research, kuwonjezeka kumeneku kwapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwakhumi pamtengo wogulitsa wa magolovesi a nitrile - mitundu yofunidwa kwambiri yamagolovu azachipatala. Mliriwu usanayambike, ogula amayenera kutulutsa pafupifupi $ 3 paketi ya magolovesi 100 a nitrile; mtengo tsopano wakwera mpaka $ 32. [4]
Magwiridwe anthawi zonse a gawo la mphira adapangitsa chidwi ku Malaysia ndi kwina. Kumbali imodzi, bevy yaopanga zatsopano yalowa m'makampani kuchokera kumagawo osiyanasiyana monga malo ogulitsa nyumba, mafuta a kanjedza, ndi IT. Kumbali inayi, kuwunikiridwa kwakukulu kwatithandiza kuwunikira njira zingapo zopanda pake. Makamaka, akatswiri ambiri amakampani adakopa chidwi pakuphwanya ufulu wa ogwira ntchito ndikutsata phindu lawo - ngakhale munthawi yochuluka.
Ngakhale ndizovomerezeka, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimathandizira izi. Zina zimakhudzana ndi gawo la magolovesi a raba lokha, ndipo ena amalumikizidwa ndi mfundo zazikulu momwe amagwirira ntchito. Izi zikuwunikira kufunikira kwa eni makampani ndi opanga mfundo ku Malaysia, komanso ogula ndi maboma m'maiko amakasitomala, kuti ayang'ane gawo ndi zochitika pakupanga kwathunthu.
Zabwino
Monga momwe zinalili chaka chatha, kufunika kwa magolovesi azachipatala akuyembekezeka kukula pamlingo wosayembekezereka chaka chino. Malingaliro a MARGMA a 2021 akuwonetsa kukula kwa 15-20%, pomwe kufunikira kwapadziko lonse lapansi kudzafika pamagulu 420 biliyoni pofika kumapeto kwa chaka, chifukwa cha kuchuluka komwe kukukulirakulira pamilandu ndikupezeka kwatsopano, matenda opatsirana ambiri kachilombo.
Mchitidwewu suyenera kusintha ngakhale mayiko ambiri akuchulukitsa mapulogalamu awo. M'malo mwake, katemera wambiri adzalimbikitsa kufunikirako chifukwa magolovesi oyeserera amafunika kubayira katemera.
Kupatula ziyembekezo za dzuwa, gawoli lili ndi maubwino enanso angapo. Zimapindulitsa pachinthu chomwe Malaysia chimapanga zochulukirapo - labala.
Kupezeka kwa zopangira zazikuluzikulu, komanso ndalama zochulukirapo pakukwaniritsa njira zopangira zinthu, zalola kuti dziko lonse lapansi likhale lotsogola m'gululi. Izi, zadzetsa dongosolo lalikulu la zachilengedwe la osewera omwe adakhazikika komanso makampani ogulitsa omwe onse amalola kuti ntchitoyi ichite bwino. [5]
Komabe, pali mpikisano wolimba kuchokera kumayiko ena opanga magolovesi, makamaka China ndi Thailand - omwe amapanga mphira wachilengedwe waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Koma a MARGMA akuyembekeza kuti Malaysia ipitilizabe kutchuka chifukwa chazakunja zogulitsa kunja, mothandizidwa ndi zomangamanga zabwino, malo abizinesi abwino, komanso mfundo zoyendetsera bizinesi. Kuphatikiza apo, m'maiko onse ampikisano, ndalama zogwirira ntchito limodzi komanso zamagetsi ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa ku Malaysia. [6]
Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lama gulovu la mphira lathandizidwa mosasintha ndi boma. Wowoneka ngati mzati wofunika kwambiri wachuma, gawo la mphira, kuphatikiza mafakitale a magolovesi, ndi amodzi mwamalo a National Key Economic Areas (NKEAs) ku Malaysia.
Udindowu umaphatikizapo kuthandizira kwaboma zingapo komanso zolimbikitsira. Mwachitsanzo, pofuna kulimbikitsa zochitika kumtunda, boma limapereka mitengo yamagesi yothandizidwa ndi mphira - njira yothandiza kwambiri, popeza mtengo wamagesi umakhala gawo la 10-15% ya magolovesi. [7]
Momwemonso, bungwe la Rubber Industry Smallhold Development Authority (RISDA) limayikapo ndalama zambiri pantchito yobzala ndikudyetsanso mbeu m'derali.
Zikafika pagawo lapakatikati, zoyesayesa zomwe Malaysia Rubber Board (MRB) idalimbikitsa kulimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa anthu onse ndi mabungwe azamayiko ena zapangitsa kuti pakhale ukadaulo wopitilira muyeso wa njira zodumphira zabwino komanso machitidwe oyendetsa bwino. [8] Ndipo, pofuna kulimbikitsa zochitika kumtsinje, Malaysia yachotsa ntchito yolowetsa kunja kwa mitundu yonse ya mphira wachilengedwe -kuwombetsa komanso kusinthidwa. [9]
Kukwera kwakukulu pamitundu yogulitsa, kuphatikiza kukwera mitengo, mitengo yotsika, kupezeka kwa ntchito zotsika mtengo, magwiridwe antchito abwinoko, ndi kuthandizira boma, zadzetsa chiwongola dzanja chachikulu cha omwe amapanga magolovesi opanga mdziko muno. ofunika kwa omwe adayambitsa Malaysia Akuluakulu Anai makampani ogulitsa magolovesi - Top Glove Corp Bhd, Hartalega Holdings Bhd, Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd, ndi Supermax Corp Bhd - tsopano adutsa gawo lolakalakidwa kwambiri la madola biliyoni.
Kupitilira osewera akulu kwambiri m'makampaniwa akusangalala ndi mitengo yokwera yokwera, akuyamba kukulitsa zinthu, ndikusangalala ndi phindu lawo, [10] osewera ang'onoang'ono mgululi asankhanso kukulitsa luso lazopanga. Mapindu a phindu ndi odabwitsa kotero kuti ngakhale makampani omwe sanalumikizidwe monga malo ogulitsa nyumba ndi IT aganiza zopanga magolovesi. [11]
Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa MARGMA, mafakitale a magolovu aku Malaysia adagwiritsa ntchito anthu pafupifupi 71,800 mu 2019. Nzika zakhala ndi 39 peresenti ya anthu ogwira ntchito (28,000) ndipo osamukira kumayiko ena adapanga 61% yotsala (43,800).
Popeza kuchuluka kwachuma kukufunika padziko lonse lapansi, opanga magolovesi tsopano akukumana ndi kusowa kwakukulu kwa ogwira ntchito. Makampaniwa amafunika kukulitsa ogwira nawo ntchito mozungulira 32 peresenti, kapena 25,000 antchito. Koma kulemba ntchito mwachangu kwakhala kovuta chifukwa boma limaumiriza kulemba anthu ntchito kunja.
Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, makampani akukulitsa makina awo ndikulemba ntchito ma Malaysian, ngakhale amalandila ndalama zambiri. Izi ndiye gwero lolandilidwa la ntchito, poti kuchuluka kwa ulova kunachuluka kuchoka pa 3.4% mu 2019 mpaka 4.2% mu Marichi 2020. [12]
Zoyipa?
Phindu lopambana lomwe opanga magolovesi amapeza posachedwa lidakopa chidwi cha boma la Malawi, pomwe ena mwa osankhidwa amafuna kuti "msonkho wamphepo" woperekedwa kamodzi pamakampani akulu kwambiri. Omwe adalimbikitsa kwambiri kusunthaku akuti misonkho yotereyi, kuphatikiza pamisonkho yomwe idalipo kale (yomwe idakwera kale ndi 400% kufika pa RM2.4 biliyoni mu 2020), inali yolondola chifukwa makampani anali ndi udindo wololera komanso wovomerezeka " abweze ”ndalama kwa anthu popereka msonkho ku boma. [13]
MARGMA adatsutsa izi. Misonkho yamphepoyo siyingolepheretse mapulani amakampani opanga magolovesi kuti akwaniritse zofuna zawo, komanso amachepetsa kupezanso phindu pantchito zopezera ndalama zosinthira ndi zochita zokha.
Izi zitha kuyika chiopsezo ku Malaysia kutaya malo ake opitilira mayiko ena omwe akukulitsa kupanga. Tikhozanso kunena kuti, ngati misonkho yowonjezera ikulipidwa pamakampani munthawi yachuma chodabwitsa, boma liyeneranso kukhala lokonzeka kupulumutsa osewera ake akulu pakagwa mavuto.
Pambuyo poyesa mbali zonse ziwiri za mkanganowu, boma linaimitsa malingaliro ake okhoma msonkho watsopano. Malingaliro omwe atolankhani adapatsidwa ndikuti kubweretsa ndalama zandalama sikuwonedwa osati ndi mabizinesi okhaokha komanso ndimagulu aboma.
Kuphatikiza apo, ku Malaysia, msonkho wa bonasi sunakhazikitsidwe pazinthu zomalizidwa - chifukwa chovuta kudziwa malire amtengo wamsika, makamaka pazogulitsa monga magolovesi agulu, omwe ali ndi mitundu, miyezo, malongosoledwe, ndi magwiridwe malinga kumayiko omwe agulitsidwa. [14] Chifukwa chake, pomwe Bajeti ya 2021 idaperekedwa, opanga magolovesi sanapatsidwe msonkho wowonjezera. M'malo mwake, zidagamulidwa kuti Akuluakulu Anai makampani onse apereka ndalama zokwana RM400 miliyoni kuboma kuti zithandizire kulipirira zina za katemera ndi zida zamankhwala. [15]
Pomwe mkangano wokhudzana ndi zopereka zokwanira m'gawo lino mdziko muno ukuwoneka kuti ndiwofanana, chomwe sichinali chovuta ndi mikangano yozungulira osewera ake, makamaka Top Glove. Khama limodzi lokha limapereka gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a mavitamini apadziko lonse lapansi ndipo lapindula mosaneneka ndi kuchuluka komwe kukufunika pano.
Top Glove anali m'modzi mwa omwe adapambana pamavuto azaumoyo. Tithokoze chifukwa chakukula kosayerekezeka pamalonda a magolovesi, kampaniyo idaphwanya mbiri yazopindulitsa. M'magawo aposachedwa azachuma (kutha pa 30 Novembala 2020), kampaniyo idalemba phindu lonse la RM2.38 biliyoni.
Chaka ndi chaka, phindu lake lonse lidakwera kawiri kuyambira chaka chapitacho. Ngakhale mliriwu usanachitike, Top Glove idakhala ikukulira kwazaka zopitilira ziwiri, ikukula kuchokera ku 60.5 biliyoni magolovesi mu Ogasiti 2018 mpaka zidutswa 70.1 biliyoni mu Novembala 2019. Kutengera kupambana kwaposachedwa, wopanga magolovesi tsopano akufuna kuwonjezera mphamvu pachaka ndi 30% pofika kumapeto kwa 2021 mpaka 91.4 biliyoni. [16]
Komabe, mu Novembala chaka chatha, kunamveka kuti anthu masauzande angapo - makamaka ogwira ntchito zakunja - pamalo ena opanga kampaniyo adayesa kuti ali ndi coronavirus. Patangopita masiku ochepa, nyumba zogona anthu zingapo zidasankhidwa kukhala masango akuluakulu a COVID ndipo boma mwachangu lidakhazikitsa masabata angapo a MCO (EMCO).
Kuphulikaku kudapangitsanso boma kuti lifufuze kafukufuku wokwanira 19 m'mabungwe ang'onoang'ono a Top Glove. Izi zidatsata kuchitapo kanthu munthawi yomweyo ndi Unduna wa Zantchito.
Ogwira nawo ntchito m'bungweli adapatsidwa Dongosolo Lakuwonetsetsa Panyumba (HSO) kwa masiku 14 ndipo adavala malamba oyang'anira ndi kuwunika tsiku lililonse.
Ndalama zonse zowunikira ogwira ntchito ku COVID-19, malo okhala kwaokha komanso chakudya chofananira, mayendedwe ndi malo ogona amayenera kulipiridwa ndi Top Glove. Pakutha kwa chaka, opitilira 5,000 ogwira ntchito zakunja ku Top Glove adapezeka kuti ali ndi kachilomboka. [17] Milandu yocheperako koma pafupipafupi imanenedwa m'malo opangira omwe atatu enawo anali Akuluakulu Anai Makampani, kuwonetsa kuti vutoli silinapezeke pakampani imodzi. [18]
Kafukufuku wovomerezeka adavumbula kuti chomwe chimayambitsa kutuluka mwachangu kwa magulu angapo amitundu yayikulu pantchito yamagolovesi ndi mikhalidwe yovuta ya ogwira ntchito. Malo ogona a anthu osamukira kudziko lina anali odzaza, opanda ukhondo, komanso opanda mpweya wabwino - ndipo izi zidachitika mliriwu usanagwe.
Kukula kwa nkhaniyi kukufotokozedwanso ndi zomwe ananena Director-General wa a Peninsular Malaysia Labor department (JTKSM), omwe ali pansi pa Human Resources Ministry kuti: "Cholakwika chachikulu ndichakuti olemba anzawo ntchito adalembetsa zikalata zanyumba ku Labor Dipatimenti motsogozedwa ndi Gawo 24D la Workers 'Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities Act 1990. Izi zidadzetsa milandu ina kuphatikiza malo okhala ndi malo ogona, omwe anali ovuta komanso opanda mpweya wabwino. Malamulo a makonsolo. A JTKSM atenga gawo lotsatira kuti apereke mapepala ofufuzira omwe atsegulidwa kale kuti milandu yonseyi ifufuzidwe pansi pa lamuloli. Zophwanya zilizonse pa lamuloli zimakhala ndi chindapusa cha RM50,000 komanso nthawi yomwe angakhale m'ndende. ”[19]
Kusakhala bwino kwa nyumba si vuto lokhalo lomwe likudetsa nkhawa gawo lamagulovesi. Top Glove idayambitsidwanso padziko lonse lapansi mu Julayi chaka chatha, pomwe US Forodha ndi Border Protection (CBP) yalengeza zakuletsa kulowetsa kunja kuchokera kumabungwe ake awiri chifukwa chakukakamizidwa kugwira ntchito.
M'kati mwake 2020 Mndandanda wa Katundu Wopangidwa Ndi Ntchito Yana Ana Kapena Kukakamizidwa lipoti, US Department of Labor (USDOL) idatsutsa Top Glove ya:
1) nthawi zambiri amapatsa ogwira ntchito ndalama zolipirira anthu ambiri;
2) kuwakakamiza kuti azigwira maola owonjezera;
3) kuwapangitsa kugwira ntchito m'malo owopsa;
4) kuwaopseza ndi zilango, kuwamitsa malipiro ndi mapasipoti, ndi zoletsa kuyenda. [20] Poyambirira, Top Glove idatsutsa izi palimodzi, kutsimikizira kusalekerera konse kuphwanya ufulu wa ogwira ntchito.
Komabe, polephera kuthana ndi mavutowa munthawi yake, kampaniyo idakakamizidwa kupereka ndalama zokwana RM136 miliyoni kwa ogwira ntchito osamukira kumayiko ena monga njira yobwezera ndalama zolipirira anthu ntchito. [21] Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zina zantchito, komabe, akuti ndi "ntchito yomwe ikuchitika" ndi oyang'anira a Top Glove. [22]
Oipa
Zonsezi zawonetsa chidwi pamalingaliro amitundu yonse, komanso zovuta zake zina.
Kuwonjezeka kwadongosolo pantchito zopanda ntchito. Malaysia yakhala ikudalira ntchito zotsika mtengo zakunja kuchokera ku mayiko osauka. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zomwe boma limafalitsa ndi Unduna wa Zantchito, mu 2019, pafupifupi 18% ya anthu ogwira ntchito ku Malaysia anali ndi anthu ochokera kumayiko ena. [23] Komabe, ngati ogwira ntchito akunja opanda ziphaso akaganiziridwa, chiwerengerochi chitha kufikira paliponse kuyambira 25 mpaka 40%. [24]
Vutoli limakulirakulirakonso chifukwa chanyalanyazidwa chakuti ogwira ntchito osamukira kudziko lina komanso nzika zawo siomwe amalowa m'malo, mulingo wamaphunziro ndiwo chimasiyanitsa. Pakati pa 2010 ndi 2019, ambiri mwa omwe adasamukira ku msika wogwira ntchito ku Malaysia anali ndi maphunziro aku sekondale, pomwe kuchuluka kwa ophunzira kuntchito kudakulirakulira. [25] Izi zikufotokozera osati kusiyana pakati pa ntchito zomwe anthu ambiri akugwira ntchito zakunja ndi aku Malaysian, komanso zovuta zomwe makampani ogulitsa mphira amakumana nazo podzaza malo ndi anthu wamba.
Kukhazikitsa malamulo molakwika ndikusintha kwa mfundo. Mavuto omwe akukumana ndi mafakitalewa si achilendo. Zifukwa zakusagwira bwino ntchito komanso nyumba za anthu ogwira ntchito yamagulovesi zidayamba kuchitika zaka zingapo zapitazo. Mu 2018, owulula awiri odziyimira pawokha - a Thomson Reuters Foundation [26] ndi Guardian [27] - adawulula kuti ogwira ntchito osamukira ku Top Glove nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pamikhalidwe yomwe ikukwaniritsa njira zingapo za International Labor Organisation za "ukapolo wamakono ndi kukakamizidwa" . Ngakhale boma la Malawi lidayankha koyamba pochirikiza mosasunthika magwiridwe antchito a magulovu, [28] idasinthiratu malingaliro awo pambuyo poti Top Glove ivomereze kuphwanya malamulo azantchito. [29]
Kusasinthasintha kwamalingaliro aboma pankhani ya ogwira ntchito osamukira ku gawo la magolovesi kudawonekeranso pomwe milandu ya USDOL idayamba. Ngakhale kuti Unduna wa Zachuma ku Malaysia udanenapo kuti chiletso cha Top Glove ku "sichinachitike mwachilungamo komanso chopanda maziko", [30] posachedwapa asintha malongosoledwe awo okhalamo ogwira ntchito kukhala "omvetsa chisoni", [31] ndikulemba lamulo ladzidzidzi lokakamiza magolovesi makampani opanga makampani kuti apeze malo ogona okhala ndi zokwanira malo ogwirira ntchito ndi anthu ogwira ntchito kumayiko ena kuti athetse kufalikira kwa kachilomboka. [32]
Kufunika Kwakukulu. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka COVID kukukulira, mapulogalamu a katemera padziko lonse lapansi akutenganso nthunzi. Zotsatira zake, nthawi yakapangidwe ikukhala yovuta kwambiri, kukakamizidwa nthawi zina kumachokera kumalo osayembekezereka.
M'mwezi wa Marichi chaka chatha, kazembe waku US ku Malaysia adalemba chithunzi ndi mawu akuti "Kudzera pakupanga magolovesi azachipatala ndi zina zamankhwala, dziko lapansi limadalira Malaysia pomenya nkhondo ndi COVID-19". [33] Mofananamo, tweet idatumizidwa patangopita masiku ochepa kuchokera pomwe US idachotsa chilango cha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yopanga magolovesi ku WRP Asia Pacific Sdn Bhd. Nthawi yomweyo, Kazembe wa EU ku Malaysia adalimbikitsa opanga magolovesi kuti "apange luso" kuonetsetsa kuti 24/7 ipangidwe kuti ikwaniritse zofuna zakomweko zankhondo. [34]
Ngakhale nkhawa zomwe zikukulirakulira zakuti kukakamizidwa kugwira ntchito mokakamiza kumakhalabe kofala m'makampani ogulitsa magolovesi aku Malaysia, kufunikira kwa magolovesi omwe amatha kutayika sikuwonetsa kuti akukhala madera ena adziko lapansi.
Boma la Canada posachedwapa lalengeza kuti likufufuza milandu yokhudza kuzunzidwa kwa ogwira ntchito m'mafakitala a magolovesi ku Malaysia kutsatira kufalitsa kwa CBC's Msika lipoti. Kufunsira, komabe, sikokayikitsa kugwa. Bungwe la Canada Border Services Agency linati “silinalembepo lamulo loletsa anthu kugula zinthu mokakamizidwa. Kukhazikitsa kuti zinthu zapangidwa mokakamizidwa kumafunikira kafukufuku wowunika ndikuwunika ndikuthandizira zidziwitso. ”[35]
Ku Australia, kafukufuku wa ABC adapeza umboni wambiri wokhudzana ndi nkhanza m'malo opangira magolovesi aku Malaysia. Mneneri wa Gulu Lankhondo Laku Australia akuti akuti "boma likuda nkhawa ndi zonena za ukapolo wamakono wokhudzana ndi kupanga zida zodzitetezera, kuphatikiza magolovesi." Koma mosiyana ndi US, Australia sichifuna kuti oitanitsa kunja atsimikizire kuti kulibe ntchito yokakamiza m'makampani awo. [36]
Boma la UK lidapitilizabe kupeza magolovesi azachipatala ochokera ku Malaysia, ngakhale adavomereza lipoti la Ofesi Yanyumba yomwe idatsimikiza kuti "ziphuphu ndizofala pantchito zopezera anthu ku Malaysia ndi mayiko omwe akugwira ntchito osamukira kumayiko ena, ndipo zimakhudza gawo lililonse la anthu ogwira ntchito". [37 ]
Ngakhale kufunikira kwa magolovesi kukupitilira kuchuluka, zomwezo sizinganenedwenso pazoperekera. MARGMA posachedwapa ananena kuti kuchepa kwa magolovesi apadziko lonse kudzapitirira 2023. Kuthira mavuvu ndi njira yodya nthawi, ndipo malo opangira sangathe kukulitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Mavuto osayembekezereka monga kuphulika kwa COVID kumafakitole opanga magolovesi komanso kusowa kwa zidebe zakulitsa zakulitsanso izi. Masiku ano, nthawi yayikulu yakulamula ikuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka isanu ndi itatu, ndikufunidwa ndi maboma osimidwa omwe akukweza mitengo.
Kutsiliza
Gawo lama golovu ku Malaysia ndi komwe kumabweretsa ntchito, ndalama zakunja, komanso phindu pachuma munthawi yoyesa. Kufuna kwakukwera komanso kukwera kwamitengo kwathandizira makampani omwe akukhazikika ndikulimbikitsa omwe angoyamba kumene kulowa mgululi. Poganizira zamtsogolo, kukula kwa gululi kumatsimikizika, posachedwa, chifukwa chofunikira, chomwe chimalimbikitsidwa pang'ono, ndi kuyendetsa katemera komwe kumayambira.
Komabe, sizinthu zonse zatsopano zomwe zakhala zabwino. Phindu lalikulu m'derali m'malo omwe siabwino limapangitsa kuti pakhale msonkho wamphepo. Ogwira ntchito ndi mabungwe azachipembedzo akufuna kuti ena mwa mapindu agawidwe mochulukira, makamaka potengera thandizo lomwe boma limalandira. Pamapeto pake, pomwe gululi silinakhomeredwe msonkho, atsogoleri amakampaniwo adagwirizana zopereka mwaufulu pantchito yotulutsa katemera.
Zowononga kwambiri kuposa izi zidawululidwa kuti zochita za anthu ogwira nawo ntchito m'magawo angapo sizovomerezeka. Ngakhale sizodziwika pagulu lonse la magolovesi, zonena zabodza zokhudzana ndi makampani ena zakhala zikunenedwapo kambirimbiri ndipo mliri wa COVID-19 usanachitike. Kuphatikizika kwa chidwi cha mayiko ndi kuthekera kwa kuchuluka kwa matenda kumalimbikitsa olamulira kuti achitepo kanthu.
Izi zimadzetsanso mavuto m'mabungwe onse aku Malaysia, kuyambira pamalamulo oyang'anira ntchito, nyumba ndi chithandizo cha ogwira ntchito akunja kuyang'anira ndikuwunika malo ogwirira ntchito ndi malo ogona. Maboma amakasitomala nawonso ali ndi udindo, ndikupempha kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino mgawoli limaperekedwa munthawi yomweyo ndi mayitanidwe ochepetsa nthawi yopanga komanso kuchuluka kwa zopanga. COVID-19 yawonetsa momveka bwino kuti kupatukana pakati pa chisamaliro cha ogwira ntchito ndi thanzi labwino sikumveka bwino, ndikuti alumikizana kwambiri.
Za olemba: Francis E. Hutchinson ndi Senior Fellow ndi Coordinator wa Malaysia Study Program, ndipo a Pritish Bhattacharya ndi Ofufuza Ofufuza mu Regional Economic Study Program ku ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute. Ili ndi gawo lachiwiri mwa magawo awiri omwe amayang'ana magolovesi a mphira ku Malaysia. . Lingaliro Loyamba (2020/138) lidalongosola zomwe zidapangitsa kuti makampani akule bwino kwambiri mu 2020.
Gwero: Nkhaniyi idasindikizidwa mu ISEAS Perspect 2021/35, 23 Marichi 2021.
Nthawi yamakalata: May-11-2021